Gentlemen`s Agreement Significance to Immigration and Urbanization

The Immigration Restriction League was founded in 1894 by people who resisted the influx of “unwanted immigrants” from Southern and Eastern Europe. The league was founded in Boston and had offices in New York, Chicago and San Francisco. He believed that these immigrants threatened what they saw as the American way of life and the high pay scale. They feared that immigration, at a time of high unemployment, would lead to poverty and organized crime. Urban goals and the number of immigrants and general dislike of foreigners have led to the emergence of a wave of organized xenophobia. In the 1890s, many Americans—especially those in the ranks of the rich, whites, and natives—viewed immigration as a serious threat to the health and safety of the nation. In 1893, a group called the Immigration Restriction League, along with other similar organizations, began urging Congress to severely restrict foreign immigration. About 1.5 million Swedes and Norwegians immigrated to the United States during this period, due to opportunities in America and poverty and religious oppression in unified Sweden-Norway. At the time, this corresponded to about 20% of the total population of the kingdom. They settled mainly in the Midwest, especially in Minnesota and the Dakotas. The Danes had relatively low immigration rates due to a better economy; After 1900, many Danish immigrants were Mormon converts who moved to Utah. The Chinese Exclusion Act was a U.S.

federal law signed by Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882, after the revision of the Treaty of Burlingame of 1868 in 1880. These revisions allowed the U.S. to suspend Chinese immigration, a ban that would last 10 years. Ellis Island, in upper New York Bay, was the gateway for more than 12 million immigrants to the United States from 1892 to 1954 as the country`s busiest immigration inspection post. In the 35 years leading up to ellis Island` opening, more than eight million immigrants who arrived in New York City were processed by New York State officials at the Castle Garden immigration depot in Lower Manhattan, just across the bay. The federal government took control of immigration on April 18, 1890, and Congress provided $75,000 to build the first U.S. immigration station on Ellis Island. Artesian wells were dug and landfills were removed from the ballast of arriving ships and from the construction of new York Subway tunnels, which doubled the size of Ellis Island to more than six acres. During the construction of the building, the barge office near the battery was used for the treatment of immigrants.

The Gentlemen`s Agreement of 1907 (日米紳士協約, Nichibei Shinshi Kyōyaku) was an informal agreement between the United States of America and the Empire of Japan, under which the United States did not restrict Japanese immigration and did not allow Japan to emigrate further to the United States. The aim was to reduce tensions between the two Pacific states. The agreement was never ratified by the United States Congress and replaced by the Immigration Act of 1924. The American party is often associated with xenophobia and anti-Catholic sentiments. In Charlestown, Massachusetts, a nativist mob attacked and burned a Catholic monastery in 1834. No one was injured in the incident. In the 1840s, small riots between Catholics and nativists took place in several American cities. In Philadelphia, for example, in 1844, a series of nativist attacks on Catholic churches and community centers resulted in loss of life and the professionalization of the police. In Louisville, Kentucky, rioters killed at least 22 people in attacks on German and Irish Catholics on Election Day in 1855, which became known as “bloody monday.” Nativist sentiments experienced a revival in the 1890s, led by Protestant Irish immigrants hostile to Catholic immigration. After 1870, lower fares and faster transatlantic voyages offered the opportunity for new waves of immigration. Nativism is the political position of maintaining the status of certain established residents of a nation in relation to the claims of newcomers or immigrants.

It is characterized by opposition to immigration based on the fear that immigrants will distort or corrupt existing cultural values. In the context of the United States in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the “native” of nativism refers to those who descend from the inhabitants of the original thirteen colonies. Nativism prevailed in mid-nineteenth-century politics due to the large influx of immigrants from cultures somewhat different from the existing American culture. .